Prerequisites: Environmental Engineering-I
Specific Objectives of course:
- To introduce knowledge of Environmental laws and regulations, required in context to pollution control and impact assessment requirement.
- Introduction to Impact Assessment concept and techniques
- To provide know-how to students to plan, design wastewater collection & treatment systems.
- To introduce the definitions and characteristics of solid wastes, concept of waste management and methods of safe disposal.
Course Outline:
Introduction to Environmental Legislation and Regulations
Basic definitions and differences in terms, International Acts, Treaties, Agendas and Accords, Environmental Protection Agency, Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997, National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS)
Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment
Definitions, activity, consequence, effect-impact; relationship, magnitude, duration and significance. Assessment types; IEE & EIA in context to PEPA applicable to development projects. EIA process; Scoping, Screening, EIA Study, EIA Analysis, Documentation and Presentation, Decision making. EIA Techniques, Environmental & Monitoring Plan
Estimation of Sewage Quantities: Population characteristics, population forecasting, waste water generation, Rainfall intensity formulas, hydrograph & weather flow, sewage quantities; Variations and rates of flows; Velocity gradient & limiting velocities.
Characteristics of Sewage: Sampling techniques and examination of wastewater (Physical, chemical and microbiological parameters), Biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Microbiology of sewage. Effluent disposal guideline and standards, Pakistan National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) and International Standards.
Sewer system: Types, shapes, size and materials of sewers, pipe strengths and tests; Design, construction, laying and maintenance of sewage system; Separate & Combined systems; Sewer appurtenances.
Sewage Treatment and Disposal: Primary, secondary & tertiary treatment; Screening grit chamber, skimming tanks & sedimentation tanks; Activated sludge treatment, tricking filters, Rotating biological contactors. Aerobic systems; lagoons andoxidation ponds, etc.
Sewage Disposal: Receiving body assimilation capacity; Stream pollution and self recovery, sludge handling, treatment & disposal; Effluent re-use.
Building drainage: Soil pipes, anti-syphon pipes and waste water pipes; sanitary fixtures and traps; House connection and testing of house drainage; Cross connection and back syphonage control.
Solid waste management: Types, characteristics, sources and quantities of solid waste; Collection, disposal (Landfill, incineration, RDF, waste to energy) and recycling.
Recommended Books:
- Gerard Kiely, Environmental Engineering, McGraw Hill International Edition, 1997
- Integrated Solid Waste Management, by George Tchobanoglous, International Edition, McGraw-Hill (January 1, 1993)
- Wood, C, Environmental Impact Assessment (A Comparative Review). Longman Scientific and Technical. 1995. Longman House Burnt Hill, Harlow Essex. UK.
- Petts, J and Eduljee, G, Environmental Impact Assessment for Waste Treatment and Disposal Facilities. 1994. John Willey & Sons Inc. UK.
